Clinical psychology is aimed at understanding and studying human and animal behavior. Clinical psychologists evaluate mental health problems and conduct and use scientific research to understand them. They also develop, provide, and assess psychological care and interventions (psychotherapy). In America, clinical psychologists are normally required to hold a Ph.D. or a Psy.D. and often have postgraduate work experience.
American psychologist Lightner Witmer (1867-1956) used the term clinical psychology for the first time in a paper in 1907. He particularly defined it as the study of individuals, by examination or experimentation, with the objective of promoting change. The American Psychological Association provides a more contemporary definition of the term and defines it as the field that combines science, theory, and practice to comprehend and alleviate maladjustment and disability as well as to promote human adaptation, adjustment, and personal development.
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